1.College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;2.National Key Laboratory of Grid Security (China Electric Power Research Institute), Beijing 100192, China;3.National Power Dispatching and Control Center, State Grid Corporation of China, Beijing 100031, China

Frequent extreme weather events pose significant challenges to the balance of electric power and energy in the renewable energy power system. The system security risks caused by extreme weather are gradually increasing. Starting from the impact of extreme weather on the source-grid-load aspects of the power system with renewable energy, this paper analyzes and discusses the electric power and energy balancing system in extreme weather. It covers multi-source data integration of resources, meteorology, environment, and power grids, renewable energy resource assessment, and power prediction of renewable energy, electric power balance, energy balance, and optimal scheduling in extreme weather. First, this paper reveals the interaction influence mechanisms of data of resource, meteorology, environment and power grid in time and space, proposes a method for expanding small samples in extreme weather, and establishes a model for assessing renewable energy resources in extreme weather. Based on this, this paper establishes a theoretical system of multi-timescale source-load combined prediction in extreme weather and proposes a vector-based evaluation method of prediction errors, to provide decision support for the optimization of electric power and energy balance of the power system with renewable energy. Based on prediction, taking frequency security as the main factor, this paper proposes methods and strategies for electric power balance in extreme weather and analyzes the influences of extreme weather events on the energy balance at different timescales, to ensure energy balance from multiple perspectives, including the generation side, power grid side and load side. The optimal dispatching framework for the renewable energy power system in extreme weather is proposed. Finally, this paper prospects the research topics for the power system with renewable energy in ensuring the balance of electric power and energy in extreme weather.